What is the name given to the material composed of destroyed bacteria and dead leukocytes?

Miracle of inflammatory infection

Medical status

Pus
Center with conjunctivitis exuding pus
Specialty	Infectious disease

Pus is an exudate, typically white-yellowish, yellowish, or yellow-brown, formed at the site of inflammation during bacterial or fungal infection.^{[1] [ii]} An accumulation of pus in an enclosed tissue infinite is known as an abscess, whereas a visible collection of pus inside or beneath the epidermis is known as a pustule, pimple or spot.

Description [edit]

Pus consists of a thin, protein-rich fluid (historically known as liquor puris ^{[3] [4]}) and dead leukocytes from the torso's immune response (mostly neutrophils).^[five] During infection, macrophages release cytokines, which trigger neutrophils to seek the site of infection by chemotaxis. In that location, the neutrophils release granules, which destroy the bacteria. The bacteria resist the immune response by releasing toxins chosen leukocidins.^[vi] As the neutrophils die off from toxins and old age, they are destroyed by macrophages, forming the viscid pus. Leaner that cause pus are called pyogenic.^{[6] [vii]}

Although pus is unremarkably of a whitish-yellow hue, changes in the color tin can be observed under sure circumstances. Pus is sometimes green because of the presence of myeloperoxidase, an intensely greenish antibacterial protein produced by some types of white blood cells. Green, foul-smelling pus is found in certain infections of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The dark-green color is a result of the bacterial pigment pyocyanin that it produces. Amoebic abscesses of the liver produce dark-brown pus, which is described as looking like "anchovy paste". Pus from anaerobic infections can more frequently have a foul odor.^[eight]

In almost all cases when there is a collection of pus in the body, a clinician will endeavour to create an opening to drain it. This principle has been distilled into the famous Latin aphorism "Ubi pus, ibi evacua" ("Where there is pus, evacuate it").

Some disease processes caused by pyogenic infections are impetigo,^[9] osteomyelitis, septic arthritis and necrotizing fasciitis.

An abscess is an enclosed collection of pus.

Pyogenic bacteria [edit]

A great many species of bacteria may be involved in the production of pus. The nearly commonly found include:^[ten]

• Staphylococcus aureus
• Staphylococcus epidermidis
• Streptococcus pyogenes
• Escherichia coli (Bacillus coli communis)
• Streptococcus pneumoniae (Fraenkel's pneumococcus)
• Klebsiella pneumoniae (Friedländer's bacillus)
• Salmonella typhi (Bacillus typhosus)
• Pseudomonas aeruginosa
• Neisseria gonorrhoeae
• Actinomyces
• Burkholderia mallei (Glanders bacillus)
• Mycobacterium tuberculosis (tubercle bacillus)

Staphylococcus aureus bacteria is the most mutual cause of boils.

Historical terminology [edit]

In the pre-asepsis era, surgeon Frederick Treves (1853–1923) wrote, "Practically all major wounds suppurated. Pus was the nigh common subject area of antipodal [among surgeons], because it was the most prominent characteristic in the surgeon'south work. It was classified co-ordinate to degrees of vileness."^{[11] : 347} Merely pus of the right kind was considered desirable.^{[12] : 80} "If a patient was lucky... a thick cream-colored odorless fluid would appear inside five or six days"; such "commendable" pus was considered "a sure sign that the wound would heal"^{[eleven] : 344} because it meant "Nature has put upwardly a bold fight against the invader".^[13] "On the other hand, if the pus gradually became watery, blood tinged and foul smelling, it was designated 'sanious'^[14] [or 'sick-conditioned' ]^[fifteen] and the wound condition was considered unfavorable".^[14] Information technology later came to exist understood that "laudable" pus generally implied an invasion of relatively benign staphylococcus, while "ill-conditioned" pus normally meant the more than unsafe streptococcus was nowadays.^{[11] : 345 [14] : 247}

See also [edit]

• Pyoderma
• Serous fluid
• Boil
• Carbuncle

References [edit]

1. ^ "Pus". dictionary.reference.com . Retrieved 2008-08-18 .
2. ^ "Pus – What Is Pus?". medicalnewstoday.com . Retrieved 2016-08-19 .
3. ^ British Medical Periodical. British Medical Clan. 1917. pp. 751–754.
4. ^ Society, Louisiana Country Medical (1846). Journal. p. 251.
5. ^ Barer, M.R. (2012). "The natural history of infection". Medical Microbiology. Elsevier. pp. 168–173. doi:10.1016/b978-0-7020-4089-4.00029-9. ISBN978-0-7020-4089-4.
6. ^ ^{a b} Madigan, Michael T. and Martin, John G. Brock Biological science of Microorganisms 11th ed. Pearson Prentice Hall. US. 2006: 734
7. ^ "pyogenic" at Dorland's Medical Lexicon
8. ^ Topazian RG, Goldberg MH, Hupp JR (2002). Oral and maxillofacial infections (4 ed.). Philadelphia: Westward.B. Saunders. ISBN978-0721692715.
9. ^ "Infections Caused by Mutual Pyogenic Bacteria", Dermatopathology, Berlin Heidelberg: Springer, 2006, pp. 83–85, doi:10.1007/3-540-30244-1_12, ISBN978-3-540-30245-two
10. ^ Thompson, Alexis; Miles, Alexander (1921). "Pyogenic Bacteria". Manual of Surgery (6th ed.). Oxford Medical Publications. OCLC 335390813.
11. ^ ^{a b c} Nuland, Sherwin B. (2011). Doctors: The Biography of Medicine. Knopf Doubleday. ISBN978-0-307-80789-ii.
12. ^ Van Hoosen, Bertha (Autumn 1947). "A Woman's Medical Training in the Eighties". Quarterly Review of the Michigan Alumnus: A Journal of University Perspectives. University of Michigan Libraries: 77–81. UOM:39015006945235.
13. ^ Scott, William (1922). An indexed system of veterinarian treatment. Chicago: Eger. p. 603.
14. ^ ^{a b c} Schneider, Albert (1920). Pharmaceutical bacteriology (2nd ed.). P. Blakiston. p. 247.
15. ^ Williams, Charles J. B. (1848). Principles of Medicine: Comprising General Pathology and Therapeutics, and a Brief Full general View of Etiology, Nosology, Semeiology, Diagnosis, and Prognosis: With Additions and Notes past Meredith Clymer. Churchill. p. 306.

External links [edit]

• Media related to Pus at Wikimedia Commons

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Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pus

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